The chemical industry is facing a major transformation. The use of oil and gas as raw materials and energy sources accounts for a significant portion of global CO2 emissions. In a new white paper, TNO presents how electrification and so-called Power-to-X technologies can play a key role in making this sector climate-neutral.
From fossil to green raw materials
Currently, chemical products, from plastics to fertilizers, are largely made from fossil hydrocarbons. According to TNO, the transition to sustainable electricity and alternative raw materials must be accelerated. Power-to-X offers opportunities in this regard. This technology can convert green electricity into hydrogen or other energy carriers and raw materials that form the basis for the production of plastics, fuels, and chemicals.
New factories and infrastructure
The transition requires massive investments in new facilities and infrastructure. Existing factories are often unsuitable for a complete transition. New production lines will be needed to efficiently apply electrolysis and the conversion of CO2 and biomass. This also means that the availability of sustainable electricity must be further scaled up. Without sufficient wind and solar energy, the sustainability transition will stall.
Collaboration in the chain
The white paper emphasizes that no single company can make the transition alone. Collaboration is needed between energy producers, chemical companies, and policymakers. The international dimension also plays a role. Production chains are globally interconnected, and access to sustainable raw materials and energy must remain competitive. According to TNO, Europe can play a pioneering role by investing in knowledge, infrastructure, and regulations that accelerate the transition.
Time is running out
The chemical sector is responsible for a significant portion of industrial emissions. If the Netherlands and Europe want to meet their 2050 climate targets, the transition must begin in the next decade. Power-to-X and electrification offer promising pathways, but the scale and speed of implementation will determine whether the industry can truly become climate neutral.
More information can be found in the original message from TNO and the accompanying white paper.
