Dutch inland shipping can achieve a significant CO2 reduction in the short term by blending FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters), reports TNO. In order to further investigate the possibilities and possible risks of this biofuel, TNO is starting a one-year practical test. The aim is to inform the sector objectively about the safe application and potential of FAME.
Biodiesel as an efficient solution for sustainability
Inland shipping, which represents 13 percent of total CO2 emissions in Dutch freight transport, faces the challenge of reducing its emissions according to the European Renewable Energy Directive (RED III). This directive requires the sector to achieve a CO2030 chain reduction of 2% by 14,5. Inland shipping currently emits 1,6 million tons of CO2 annually, which is equivalent to the emissions of 550.000 passenger cars.
FAME, produced from recycled cooking oil, animal fats and vegetable oils, is presented by TNO as an effective interim solution. “FAME can quickly achieve a CO2 reduction at a lower cost than other options,” says Jesse de Boer, scientist innovator at TNO. By mixing 30% FAME into marine fuel, the sector can reduce CO26 emissions by approximately 2%.
Practical applicability of FAME and challenges
De Boer explains that FAME, due to its similar properties to traditional diesel, can be relatively easily blended in different ratios, from B15 (15%) to B30 (30%). This makes it a suitable and affordable option for inland shipping, certainly in the short term. However, there are also concerns within the sector that need to be investigated further.
Previous tests with FAME led to some reports of problems, such as clogged fuel filters, bacterial growth, and stalled vessels. These experiences have led to uncertainty about the reliability and safety of FAME. To determine the exact cause of these problems—such as the initial situation of the vessels, the condition of the tanks, or possibly contaminated fuel batches—TNO is now launching an extensive investigation.
Broadly supported practical test to ensure safety
TNO is starting a large-scale field test in which eight ships will sail on various FAME blends for a year, up to B30. The test, commissioned by the Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management (IenW), aims to provide insight into which compositions and under which conditions FAME works best. The sector is closely involved in the research, with support from organisations such as KBN, fuel suppliers and engine manufacturers.
By carefully monitoring the vessels and performing fuel analyses, TNO hopes to map out the technical and operational aspects of FAME in detail. This includes inspections of fuel filters, measuring bacterial growth and recording fuel quality data. The test results are expected by the end of 2025 and will contribute to a clear guideline for the safe use of FAME in inland shipping.
Looking to the future
“At TNO, we see FAME as an important link in the sustainability of inland shipping for the short and medium term,” says De Boer. “Although there are concerns, we want to use this test to objectively determine how inland shipping can benefit from the advantages that FAME offers in a safe and efficient way. This research not only helps us to develop guidelines, but also to stimulate further innovation towards completely emission-free sailing with hydrogen, methanol and battery-electric technologies.”
Source: TNO
